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Calcium Chloride
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Product Introduction
Product Description
Calcium chloride, chemical formula CaCl₂, is commonly available in anhydrous, dihydrate, and solution forms. Industrial products are supplied as flakes, pellets, powder, and liquids of various concentrations. Appearance is white or off-white solid. It is an important desiccant, deicing salt, set accelerator, refrigerant, road stabilizer, and chemical intermediate, widely used in chemical drying, winter road maintenance, food processing (firming agent, preservative), concrete acceleration, drilling fluids, tire ballast, and pharmaceuticals.
Working Principle
Its core functionality is based on the chemical properties of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and the presence of chloride ions (Cl⁻):
Hygroscopic Drying: Extreme deliquescence allows it to absorb significant moisture from air (up to several times its own weight), forming a solution, making it a highly efficient solid desiccant.
Exothermic Effect: The hydration of anhydrous form or dilution of concentrated solutions releases substantial heat, usable in self-heating materials and road deicing (accelerating ice melting through heat release).
Freezing Point Depression: Its aqueous solutions have significantly lower freezing points than water (e.g., ~ -55°C for a 29% solution), making it an effective deicer and antifreeze.
Setting Regulation: Calcium ions promote the hydration of Portland cement, accelerating early strength development in concrete, used as a set accelerator.
Ion Exchange: Undergoes ion exchange reactions in solution, used in water treatment, metal extraction, etc.
Protein Coagulation: In the food industry, calcium ions cause cross-linking of protein molecules, used in coagulating products like tofu and cheese.
Specification
Anhydrous Calcium Chloride
Main Content: Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) content is typically not less than 94.0% (industrial grade) or 96.0% (high-quality grade).
Key Parameters: Calcium (Ca) content ~34.0%; Alkalinity (as Ca(OH)₂) ≤0.2%; Water-insoluble matter ≤0.1%; Magnesium and alkali metal chlorides ≤5.0%.
Appearance: White porous pellets, flakes, or powder, highly hygroscopic.
Calcium Chloride Dihydrate
Main Content: Calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl₂·2H₂O) content is typically not less than 74.0% (corresponding to ~68% CaCl₂).
Key Parameters: Calcium (Ca) content ~24.5%; Moisture (water of crystallization) conforms to theoretical value; impurity levels (e.g., MgCl₂, NaCl) controlled per grade.
Appearance: White flakes, pellets, or powder, easily deliquescent.
Product Features
Exceptional Hygroscopicity: Anhydrous calcium chloride is one of the most hygroscopic common solid desiccants, effective even at low humidity.
High Solubility & Heat of Solution: Highly soluble in water; dissolution of anhydrous form releases significant heat (ΔHₛₒₗ ≈ -81.3 kJ/mol).
Low-Freezing-Point Solutions: Its aqueous solutions have very low freezing points, offering excellent antifreeze and deicing performance.
Corrosivity: Its solutions or deliquesced products are somewhat corrosive to metals (especially steel), often requiring corrosion inhibitors in applications.
Thermal Stability: Anhydrous form melts at ~772°C, stable at high temperatures; dihydrate loses water upon heating to ~175°C.
Environmental Friendliness: Derived from natural minerals or by-products, relatively non-toxic, but high concentrations can affect plants and soil.
Economy: Widely available and low production cost.
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